attatchment disoreder theory essays

attatchment disoreder hypothesis articles Connection or holding is the creating relationship built up between an essential parental figure, for the most part the mother, and her youngster. Connection practices start right off the bat throughout everyday life. This thin age limit is regularly called the basic time frame. This believing relationship created in earliest stages shapes the establishment for a kid's turn of events. In the event that a youngster has a safe connection, he will grow up to see the world as a protected spot and will have the option to create different feelings. It has become increasingly more clear that a sound connection is generally significant in human turn of events. For what reason do a few youngsters endure and even bounce back despite misfortune? A few youngsters can adjust and bounce back and build up the assets they have to adapt. The fundamental establishments of a kid's character are framed in their initial connection to a grown-up parental figure. It permits the youngster to create trust in others and a dependence on himself. Except if appropriately rewarded, unattached youngsters grow up with torment and outrage regularly vented on society. The significant danger to connection is partition. A few families don't have the solidarity to adapt to constant pressure and rehashed emergencies. Likely the absolute most significant factor is the foundation of a safe connection to the essential guardian. The safe connection is supported by a protected, loose, upheld mother. Family struggle, savagery and family breakdown that prompts destitution, undermines sound youngster improvement. A mindful parent with sensible desires is well on the way to enable the youngster to build up the idealistic point of view and adapting abilities they need. Newborn children appear to depend on their overseers some time before they can demonstrate connection with crying. In certain medical clinics, babies are booked to get normal possessions and nestling by staff individuals. Newborn children who don't get contact comfort in earliest stages don't flourish and may not endure. On the off chance that the newborn child's physical and ecological needs are met adequately, the baby develo... <!

Kosovo Origins, Developments Outcomes

Question 1 †How ought to Printup consider the division of potential Metabical buyers? Who is the ideal objective purchaser? They should target ladies under 65 particularly (display 2). They appear to be more mindful than men to their weight. Yet, the greater part of the populace (people) are presently increasingly cognizant that getting thinner is significant for wellbeing. We can discuss ordinary clients including youthful and more seasoned ones. Those clients can be isolated in two fragments: Get thinner for wellbeing Get thinner just in the event that it is simple 35% of ordinary clients need effectively to get in shape and need assistance to do as such. We can likewise say that more youthful ladies are progressively intrigued for getting in shape to be pretty though more seasoned ones are intrigued in light of the fact that it is an approach to be more advantageous. There is likewise the clinical client target. They can encourage this medication to their patients. We’ve picked ordinary clients and particularly ladies as the ideal objective for the reasons depicted already. Question 2 †How ought to CSP distinguish and utilize the differential favorable circumstances that Metabical offers to situate itself in the commercial center? To begin with, we can say that there wasn’t a great deal of rivalry in the market around then which speaks to an open door for CSP. Also, it is a simple method to get thinner, a key point that a large portion of clients are searching for. More than that, there is a help program that CSP have created to help and bolster individuals during their getting in shape period. Moreover, it is a less expensive medication than those which as of now exist available. In addition, CSP need to make its item repaid for what it's worth so as to improve people’s wellbeing with the goal that individuals won't need to pay any longer for this medication. There is likewise the way that there is a genuine social emergency in the US because of overweight and it is important to change things. Individuals will be increasingly mindful to get more fit so as to keep away from dismissal from others. There is a genuine segregation about overweight individuals. Question 3 †Given the situating methodology you picked, what might be your correspondence system and IMC blend for every one of your intended interest groups? Since Metabical is another item, so they should tell buyers what they can do and what are their preferences. Perhaps they can pressure their security and adequacy in their ads. In the event that the spending plan permits, they can give some example sack to the individuals who will in general lose their weight, which I assume can tell them the impact of Metabical plainly. As an organization delivering weight reduction sedate, they can put promotions on wellbeing magazines, which can target individuals who are stressing over their corpulence may impact their wellbeing. Elevating to the social insurance suppliers can likewise be a decent decision for Metabical, on the grounds that these individuals can prescribe their items to the individuals coming to counsel wellbeing circumstance. Besides, they may likewise imaginative a sites to advance their items. In this site, they can portray their items in detail and answer the inquiries from buyers. Since there are additionally a ton female utilizing weight reduction sedate only for excellence. So perhaps Metabical can set up a club to show ladies how to cause them to get wonderful, similar to how to make up or how to wear appropriately. Furthermore, during the time spent showing ladies, they can utilize their items as a help. What's more, since they should let shoppers understand that getting in shape is troublesome, yet they can support them. So they can make advertisements on certain games magazines or projects that advise individuals on the off chance that they attempt to shed pounds just by sports or diet, it would be hard and tedious. In single word, Metabical should tell their potential that if individuals are unsatisfied with their weight, Metabical can support them. What's more, they ought to likewise focus on the individuals who care about their wellbeing or seek after magnificence. Contextual analysis: TOMS: One for giving Model Question 1 †Discuss the development of TOMS Shoes: its working model uniqueness, item and brand mindfulness. Claire 1. Working model uniqueness The working model of TOMS is â€Å"One for One† working model. That is for each pair of shoes sold a couple was given to a penniless youngster through shoe drops in creating nations. TOMS framed shoe-giving associations with philanthropic associations proficient about the networks they worked in. Through these organizations the networks that would profit the most from the TOMS approach were recognized. On observing the numerous issues looked by the numerous networks TOMS worked with, TOMS chose to release the capability of the One for One model to address the other human needs that were still neglected. Later in 2011, TOMS propelled its One for One line of eyewear. For each pair of glasses sold TOMS worked with qualified optometrist to give better vision to individuals from oppressed nations. TOMS needs to be something other than a shoe organization, it’s a one-for-one organization. 2. Item and brand mindfulness With the TOMS, clients can produce something for another person while additionally propelling their own design. At the point when clients buy shoes, they can let TOMS finish out the last mile of their own honest goals. It is where the purchasers can keep on procuring fulfillment as the shoe gets worn. Subsequently the shoe drops or giveaways expanded consumer loyalty and faithfulness consequently being the essential segment of the company’s seriousness. 3. Development of TOMS Shoes The fundamental explanation for the accomplishment of TOMS working model was its attention on giving. The story behind the brand and its attention on giving made its clients as its advertiser in this way making it simple to hold great representatives and pull in great accomplices. Also, the purpose behind the mushrooming development of such new businesses was the online networking which made it feasible for social business visionaries, for example, TOMS to spread their message requiring little to no effort. Web based life likewise empowered these business people to enroll the assistance of their clients as their advertisers. Question 2 †What might be the thought processes of clients for purchasing TOMS footwear? Investigate how TOMS model may make both positive and negative perspectives among customers. â€Å"A intention is a develop speaking to an undetectable internal power that invigorates and propels social reaction and give explicit course to that response.† Clients purchasing Toms’ shoes are moved by a glutton inspiration, which is accomplishing something useful for society, as opposed to an utilitarian inspiration which could be purchasing safe wearing shoes. In the event that we investigate Maslow’s progression of requirements: purchasing a straightforward sneakers could be recognized as a wellbeing need though purchasing Toms’ shoes is a self-completion need as clients are satisfying a craving to be valuable and supportive. It is helping them accomplish their goal for being a superior individual. â€Å"Attitudes are relationship between a given article and a given synopsis assessment of the item; affiliations that can differ in quality and, consequently, in their openness from memory.† Potential inspirational demeanor toward TOMS: clients imagining that TOMS helps individuals who need the most (assessment of TOMS). Those will purchase TOMS shoes. Those will feel engaged by â€Å"consum’action†. Potential negative mentality toward TOMS: clients feeling that TOMS business is imperiling nearby makers of shoes and that he cashs in on neediness (showcasing of destitution emerging inquiries of morals). Those will take part in negative WOM. TOMS shoes are believed to be excessively elegant, those shoppers feel to be conditioned. Question 3 †Is TOMS a really government assistance adventure benefit or a benefit persuaded activity in sheep’s garments. Talk about and legitimize There are some basic advices about TOM Company. A few people apparent TOMS as a benefit propelled activity. Indeed, by offering shoes to poor kids nearby individuals stay subordinate from outside assets. From their perspective, TOMS activity provide for poor nations a momentary answer for lift of destitution. Most definitely, we imagine that TOM is a social government assistance adventure on account of all these great activities in poor nations: -  ­Ã¢â‚¬  Shoes appropriating trips sorted out by TOM -  ­Ã¢â‚¬  Partnership with helpful association educated -  ­Ã¢â‚¬  Repeatedly shoe dissemination in poor zone to give shoe for all time to kids In 2010 the organization has appropriated 1 million sets of shoes in Argentina, Ethiopia, Rwanda, Guatemala, Haiti, South Africa and the US. Additionally, TOMS shoes are made in Argentina, this is a wellspring of occupation creation for the nation. It helps Argentina improvement.

MeisterTasks Sexy New Dashboard and More Features to Get Excited About - Focus

MeisterTask’s Sexy New Dashboard and More Features to Get Excited About - Focus Logged on to MeisterTask lately? Noticed that slick new dashboard complete with minimizing capabilities? If not, here’s the breakdown of our latest feature releases: Let’s Start at the Top We’ve replaced the little settings cog that was previously located just below the Quote Welcome widget with a fresh new Customize button. Think of this as your dashboard HQ. Click on it to choose one of our many stunning background images, upload your own or alternatively randomize the selection so that you’ll see a different image every time you login to MeisterTask. What’s more, you can now choose whether to display the Quote Welcome widget or not (that’s the bit that gives you the time). Do this by simply hitting the switch to enable or disable it.   Going for that complete minimalistic look? You can now choose whether or not to display the Time Tracking, My Tasks, and Notifications widgets by simply clicking on the matching icon and either selecting or deselecting it. You can also enable or disable the animation of these columns by heading over to Preferences Appearance. Just ask yourself if you like it swipey? We’ve Upgraded Your Project Duplication Experience You guys have been requesting this for a while and we came through for ya. You can now duplicate more than just your project’s appearance, tasks, tags and attachments! We’ve added in the ability to also duplicate custom fields, watchers and automations that don’t involve integrations with other tools (e.g. Office 365, Slack). We’ve even given you a lovely overview by tweaking the layout a little bit. Fancy huh? (Don’t forget: This is a paid feature and you can only duplicate a project that you have admin rights to.) Yay For Trashed Projects Do you remember when you accidentally deleted a project and had to contact support to get it back again? Those days are gone! We’ve just made it possible for you to locate and restore your trashed projects. You can do this by clicking on the little arrow next to Projects in the left column on your dashboard and then selecting Trashed Projects. Please note: Projects that you’ve trashed will only be stored for 30 days before being deleted automatically. So, what are you waiting for? Head on over to MeisterTask now and check out all the awesome new features for yourself. Get MeisterTaskIsnt it time you simply worked together? Get Started Sign Up Now Get Started MeisterTask’s Sexy New Dashboard and More Features to Get Excited About - Focus Logged on to MeisterTask lately? Noticed that slick new dashboard complete with minimizing capabilities? If not, here’s the breakdown of our latest feature releases: Let’s Start at the Top We’ve replaced the little settings cog that was previously located just below the Quote Welcome widget with a fresh new Customize button. Think of this as your dashboard HQ. Click on it to choose one of our many stunning background images, upload your own or alternatively randomize the selection so that you’ll see a different image every time you login to MeisterTask. What’s more, you can now choose whether to display the Quote Welcome widget or not (that’s the bit that gives you the time). Do this by simply hitting the switch to enable or disable it.   Going for that complete minimalistic look? You can now choose whether or not to display the Time Tracking, My Tasks, and Notifications widgets by simply clicking on the matching icon and either selecting or deselecting it. You can also enable or disable the animation of these columns by heading over to Preferences Appearance. Just ask yourself if you like it swipey? We’ve Upgraded Your Project Duplication Experience You guys have been requesting this for a while and we came through for ya. You can now duplicate more than just your project’s appearance, tasks, tags and attachments! We’ve added in the ability to also duplicate custom fields, watchers and automations that don’t involve integrations with other tools (e.g. Office 365, Slack). We’ve even given you a lovely overview by tweaking the layout a little bit. Fancy huh? (Don’t forget: This is a paid feature and you can only duplicate a project that you have admin rights to.) Yay For Trashed Projects Do you remember when you accidentally deleted a project and had to contact support to get it back again? Those days are gone! We’ve just made it possible for you to locate and restore your trashed projects. You can do this by clicking on the little arrow next to Projects in the left column on your dashboard and then selecting Trashed Projects. Please note: Projects that you’ve trashed will only be stored for 30 days before being deleted automatically. So, what are you waiting for? Head on over to MeisterTask now and check out all the awesome new features for yourself. Get MeisterTaskIsnt it time you simply worked together? Get Started Sign Up Now Get Started

The Civil Rights Of The United States Marine Corps

WWII drew many prominent figures from the city of Philadelphia who made significant impacts and left a legacy of hope and a can-do attitude for the people of today. One such person is Cecil B. Moore, a middle-class African American who fought against social injustices, namely segregation in schools and trade unions. Cecil B. Moore was a political figure, a civil rights activist, avid member of the NAACP and a hero as considered by many. Moore served many years in the United States Marine Corps during the war as an infantry foot soldier. Upon successfully completing his contractual obligations to the corps, Moore migrated to Philadelphia to enroll in Temple University to pursue his law degree with the aid of the GI-Bill, which provided housing stipend and tuition fee to cover his night classes after working through the day. This initiative was brought on by the social injustices Moore endured in the armed forces. Moore witnessed firsthand that blacks and other minorities were not given the same opportunities as whites or the elites. Blacks held the most degrading and arduous military jobs, were barred from advancement in the ranks and were also segregated even while serving. Black soldiers were isolated and received harsher treatments as they were made to feel less than human and certainly unequal to their white counterparts. Moore decided that it was enough to fight a futile war overseas, but to fight with your fellow countrymen and a battle on the home front wasShow MoreRelatedMr. Greene s First Correspondence Of The United States Marine Corps Essay833 Words   |  4 PagesDogs), are deemed to be insignia of the United States and limits their use as shown in this excerpt of the cited Public Law:  §7881. Unauthorized use of Marine Corps insignia (a) The seal, emblem, and initials of the United States Marine Corps shall be deemed to be insignia of the United States. (b) No person may, except with the written permission of the Secretary of the Navy, use or imitate the seal, emblem, name, or initials of the United States Marine Corps in connection with any promotion, goodsRead MoreHow the Movie a Few Good Men and the Play Antigone Found Honor in What1109 Words   |  5 PagesIt is not uncommon for the Civil Law to conflict with Honor. This means that the laws of people, jobs, countries, and duties usually establish a problem with the glory, or respect of people and their self-will, because there are different views of something on each side. This statement is true because many aspects of life involve standing up for what you believe in, while going against the laws of what you have to follow, even though the civil people dont have any patience for any excuses.Read MoreTheu.s. 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The selection processes is designed to seek out the most qualified candidate to accomplish the requirements of the position. Whether it is from one simple phone interview or multiple interviews with differentRead MoreAssignment 3 : Human Resources Management1461 Words   |  6 Pagessituation, including what went right or wrong, and discuss how you would have chosen to deal with the situation, keeping in mind legal and ethical contexts of human resource management. Introduction A recent human resources management incident occurred while serving in my current role as the Assistant Aircraft Maintenance Officer (AAMO) of Marine Aviation Logistics Squadron 29 (MALS 29). This problematic situation was the alleged violation of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act; specifically an Equal EmploymentRead More History of the Marines Essay1814 Words   |  8 PagesHistory of the Marines What do Drew Carey, Gene Hackman, and Lee Harvey Oswald all have in common? They are all, The Few. The Proud. The Marines. Like these young men, many people after high school join one of the many branches of the military. From the U.S. Bureau of Labor, nine out of ten high school graduates go into the military. However with the Marine Corps being the smallest of the branches, only one-fifth of them become Marines. In 2006, according to the Recruit Depot Parris IslandRead MoreThe Battle Of The Marine Corps1858 Words   |  8 PagesThe United States of America was always the greatest nation since it was founded on July 4, 1776. Throughout history the United States of America has always been known as a supreme and elite fighting force on the globe. One of America’s most elite fighting forces and one of the most well known throughout the world is the United States Marine Corps. However the Marine Corps was not always the prestigious group of soldiers like it is known t o be today. In fact, the Marine Corps went through over aRead MoreMcnamara s The Vietnam War1119 Words   |  5 PagesArmy to pull out. 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After receiving surgery for injuries suffered in world war two John used his recovery time to write ‘Profiles in Courage’Read MoreThe War With Great Britain For Their Independence2027 Words   |  9 PagesThe year is 1775 and the American Colonies are at war with Great Britain for their Independence. The Continental Congress would soon sign an article into law, which would authorize the construction of the Navy of the United Colonies of North America. Article 16 of this bill stated that â€Å"A convenient place shall be set apart for sick or hurt men, to be removed with their hammocks and bedding when the surgeon shall advise the same to be necessary: and some of the crew shall be appointed to attend to

Customer Profile Of An Organization - 1251 Words

Understanding Who the Customer Is â€Å"If we don’t have customers we don’t have a job† (Mcknight Booth, p. 26, 2010). In any organization the customer’s expectations must be known and met, and if at possible expectations should be exceeded. To be able to meet customer expectations, it is important to understand what the customer is expecting. When an organization takes the time to understand the customer’s needs, they will find their customers are unique and there is not a one size fits all approach to meeting customer’s needs. Customer Profile One of the first approaches to help understand who the customers are is building customer profiles. Customer profiles are used to describe a customer and are typically used in the marketing†¦show more content†¦The OEM segment is broken down into three segments, agriculture, construction and truck. The next level of segment breakdown is large, medium and small OEM customer, these segments are determined by the total sales the customer has with Eaton. In total the OEM customers consist of nine segments. When the customers are placed into segments, the expectations of those customer segments can be identified. Customer Expectations The expectations of what a customer needs from a supplier needs to be established in the beginning of the relationship building phase. The beginning of the relationship is critical to the success of the supplier with the customer. When establishing the expectations the customer wants from a supplier, the supplier is also presenting what they can do (LaWell, 2010). It is important to be open with the customer if their needs cannot be met, explaining why it needs cannot be meet. When clear expectations are set in the beginning, there is less room for customer dissatisfaction. Delivery Expectation Studies have shown customers expect high on time delivery, however the perceived delivery performance is low (Mattsson, 2004; Forslund Jonsson, 2007). One reason for the disparity in expectation versus perception is the way the delivery performance is measured. Eaton has developed their own way to measure on time delivery performance, the measurement is not

Radio for Education in Bd Free Essays

string(81) " of our communities through actively participating in its creation and delivery\." History of Radio in Bangladesh_ Bangladesh Betar (Bengali: ) or BB is the state-owned radio broadcasting organisation of Bangladesh. It was also known as Radio Bangladesh between 1975 and 1996. Radio transmission in the region now forming Bangladesh started in Dhaka on December 16, 1939. We will write a custom essay sample on Radio for Education in Bd or any similar topic only for you Order Now Initially, the station was located in old Dhaka. Later, the station was relocated to Shahbag. It played an important role during the Bangladesh Liberation War of 1971. On March 26, 1971, the broadcasting center of Radio Pakistan was used to transmit a declaration of independence, which was picked up by a Japanese ship in the Chittagong Harbor and retransmitted. During the war, it was known as Shwadhin Bangla Betar Kendro (Independent Bengal Radio Station). Due to heavy shelling, the station had to be relocated several times, and ultimately moved to Calcutta on May 25, from where it would broadcast until the end of the war. On December 6, it was renamed Bangladesh Betar. Today we have 10 radio stations running in Bangladesh. Those are_ * ABC Radio (Bangladesh) * Bangladesh Betar * DHAKA FM 90. * Radio 2fun| * Radio Amar * Radio Dhaka * Radio Foorti * Radio Metrowave * Radio Today * RadioGoonGoon Types of Radio_ ————————————————- FM (Frequency Modulation) Radio Frequency modulation, FM is widely used for a variety of radio communications ap plications. FM broadcasts on the VHF bands still provide exceptionally high quality audio, and FM is also used for a variety of forms of two way radio communications, and it is especially useful for mobile radio communications, being used in taxis, and many other forms of vehicle. n view of its widespread use, frequency modulation, FM, is an important form of modulation, despite many forms of digital transmission being used these days. FM, frequency modulation has been in use for many years. However its advantages were not immediately apparent. In the early days of wireless, it was thought that a narrower bandwidth was required to reduce noise and interference. As FM did not perform well under these conditions, AM predominated and FM was not used. However, Edwin Armstrong, an American engineer looked at the use of wideband FM for broadcasting and introduced the idea against the trend of the thinking of the time. Since its first introduction the use of frequency modulation, FM has grown enormously. Now wideband FM is still regarded as a very high quality transmission medium for high quality broadcasting. FM, frequency modulation is also widely used for communications where it is resilient to variations in signal strength. FM, frequency modulation basics The most obvious method of applying modulation to a signal is to superimpose the audio signal onto the amplitude of the carrier. However this is by no means the only method which can be employed. It is also possible to vary the frequency of the signal to give frequency modulation or FM. It can be seen below that the frequency of the signal varies as the voltage of the modulating signal changes. Concept of frequency modulation The amount by which the signal frequency varies is very important. This is known as the deviation and is normally quoted as the number of kiloHertz deviation. As an example the signal may have a deviation of  ±3 kHz. In this case the carrier is made to move up and down by 3 kHz. ————————————————- Community Radio Community radio stations are community owned and operated entities that serve either localized geographic communities or communities of interest, such as minorities, religious groups and universities. Community radio is unique because the stations are run by the communities themselves. They are owned and managed by the people they serve. The management is usually a small team of paid staff with the programming onducted by volunteers. Unlike commercial stations, community stations are not allowed to run for profit. They must be established as voluntary associations, not-for-profits or trusts. The station’s constitution must say that any profit will be channeled into further developing the station. To ensure the st ations are not run for profit they are usually subject to strict advertising controls. Commonly the regulator stipulates that advertising content ought to be capped to allow, for example, a maximum of five minutes per hour of programming. New stations often start with a public meeting. Members of a community (either geographic or community of interest) come together as a working group to create a   vision for the station, plan programming and develop facilities. Over time, more and more members of the community are recruited and trained (FETAC training is available through) to help out behind the scenes, produce and present programmes reflective of their community and experience. 100 day broadcasting licenses are secured from the BAI and as a track record is built with regards to programming, operations, and community involvement, a multi-year licence becomes available. To operate full licenses, groups constitute themselves as cooperatives or limited companies with no share capital, and a board is elected from the community to manage the station transparently and with accountability in the interests of all. Community Radio has the capacity to reinforce what is good about Irish Society and to help find solutions to its failings. Community Radio facilities individuals, groups, and communities to tell their own diverse stories, to share experiences, and in a media rich world to become active creators and contributors rather than passive consumers. It presents a unique vehicle for the community and voluntary sector, civil society, agencies, NGOs citizens to work in partnership to make a difference. Community Radio offers- * rare and direct media access for all perspectives in our communities,   * the potential for innovation inherent in non-profit, community owned and operated media * Diversity in the provision of programming, especially where there would be insufficient profit for the commercial sector and too much cost for the public service sector. Offers a resurgence of local media highlighting local issues, opinions and voices in contrast to mainstream medias increasingly centralised content production. * The skills, resources and the opportunity to understand media by members of our communities through actively participating in its creation and delivery. You read "Radio for Education in Bd" in category "Papers" * a unique mechanism to engage with social exclusion by acting as a vehicle for outcome-driven personal and p rofessional training and development * a powerful tool in providing services and supports to communities, especially disadvantaged and excluded communities. the opportunity to promote democracy, human rights and sustainability. * a challenge to global media blandness in reinforcing local identities while acting as a catalyst for integration and inclusion. ————————————————- Public Broadcasting Public broadcasting is broadcasting made for the public, funded by the public (through tax) and controlled by the public (through parliament). The defining feature of public broadcasting is its inclusiveness. Public broadcasting must be accessible to all and diverse enough to appeal to all. Unlike state broadcasting, which serves the interests of the state, public broadcasting is uniquely positioned to serve the public in all its diverse forms. Further, public service broadcasters (PSBs) are protected from political and commercial pressures, which positions them to best serve the public’s rights to freedom of expression and freedom of information. This is why public broadcasting has such a crucial role to play in democratic societies. Defining features of public service broadcasting: * Accessible to all * Serving the public interest in all its shapes Emphasis on quality, balance and impartiality * Provisions for minorities * Commitment to education of the public * Freedom to produce challenging and controversial programming * Independent from political and commercial interference * Forum for expression of national cultural identity Independence of a public broadcaster is vital: independence for the board and editorial independence for management. Securing indepen dence means overcoming the prevailing mindset among those in power that the airwaves belong to the state. MISA believes the independence of a public service broadcaster in Swaziland will only be ensured if it is guaranteed in law. MISA is advocating for such a law to include the following: * A description of the composition of the PSB board to ensure it is broadly representative of the public and excludes office bearers with the state and people with financial interests in broadcasting; * A public and transparent board appointments procedure that minimizes political and commercial interference; * A stipulation that no one has a right to influence the work of the board; * Editorial freedom for the PSB management; Accountability of the PSB is to the public through parliament, not an individual minister or ministry; * An adequate and secure funding mechanism that protects from arbitrary interference. For more detail on public service broadcasting law see the Article 19 Model Public Service Broadcasting Law under Law Reform. MISA calls on the government to: * Enact legislation establishing a public broadcasting entity, recognizing its full independence and public service mandate. * Conduct organizational restructure allowing the merger of television and radio with one independent board to develop the organizational policy. Allow editorial policies that capture the unique responsibilities of public broadcasting. * Ensure training of management and staff on the ethos and purpose of public broadcasting. * Secure a reliable funding mechanisms that will support program diversity and innovation. ————————————————- Campus Radio Campus radio (also known as college radio, university radio or student radio) is a type of radio station that is run by the students of a college, university or other educational institution. Programming may be exclusively by students, or may include programmers from the wider community in which the radio station is based. Sometimes campus radio stations are operated for the purpose of training professional radio personnel, sometimes with the aim of broadcasting educational programming, while other radio stations exist to provide an alternative to commercial broadcasting or government broadcasters. Campus radio stations are generally licensed and regulated by national governments, and so have very different characteristics from one country to the next. One commonality between many radio stations regardless of their physical location is a willingness — or, in some countries, even a licensing requirement — to broadcast musical selections that are not categorized as commercial hits. Because of this, campus radio has come to be associated with emerging musical trends, including genres such as punk and New Wave, alternative rock, indie rock and hip hop, long before those genres become part of the musical mainstream. Campus radio stations also often provide airplay and promotional exposure to new and emerging local artists. Many campus radio stations carry a variety of programming including news (often local), sports (often relating to the campus), and spoken word programming as well as general music. Often the radio format is best described as a freeform, with a lot of creativity and individualism among the disc jockeys and show hosts. A number of these radio stations have gained critical acclaim for their programming and are considered by the community in which they are embedded to be an essential media outlet. Although the term campus radio implies full-power AM or FM transmission over the air, many radio stations experiment with low-power broadcasting, closed circuit or carrier current systems, often to on-campus listeners only. Some radio stations are distributed through the cable television system on cable FM or the second audio program of a TV radio station. Some universities and colleges broadcast one or more Internet radio feeds — either instead of, or in addition to a campus radio station — which may differ in radio formats significantly from licensed traditional campus radio. ———————————————— Internet Radio Internet Radio – Internet Radio describes a technical achievement which allows audio to be digitized and split into small pieces for transmission across the Interent. The ultimate effect is to create the illusion of â€Å"radio†. The audio i s â€Å"streamed† through the Internet from a server in one location and reassembled on the listener’s end by a software player on a computer or Internet Radio receiver. Internet Radio is not really radio by the traditional definition but an incredible simulation. This term also describes the conglomeration of streaming audio which is available on the Internet which can be listened to by using a software player or browser which supports streaming audio. In another way, an audio broadcasting service that is transmitted through the Internet. Internet radio is similar in nature to Internet broadcasting, also called webcasting. However, those listening to the continuous stream audio broadcast have no control over the stream, similar to traditional radio broadcasting. Many radio stations worldwide offer their broadcast via Internet radio to a worldwide audience. Today dedicated hardware devices, commonly called Web radio or Internet radio appliances  , can be purchased that connect to a home network and then to the Internet to play live audio streams. Internet radio is also called e-radio. The benefits of an internet radio_ More station choice An internet radio gives you access to more than FM or DAB digital radio, including some foreign language stations. Find new stations The menus on an internet radio enable you search by different methods including by genre. So you could search for all of the rock stations available and find new stations that play the types of music you love. Podcasts and BBC listen again You can access podcasts from BBC and commercial stations and just as you might use listen again on BBC iPlayer or Radio player on your computer, you can access listen again to   shows through an internet radio, too. Music player/ media sharing Most internet radios have a music player mode for streaming music from devices on your home network. If you keep your music collection on your computer at home you can use the radio’s screen to choose music from your collection and listen using the radio’s speakers. Forget DAB reception Internet radio works using your internet connection. It doesn’t rely on getting a signal from a transmitter the way DAB and FM do, so it doesn’t matter if DAB reception is poor where you live – you can get your digital radio fix via the internet. Education System in Bangladesh The education system and structure of Bangladesh  has three major stages-primary, secondary and higher educations. Primary education is a 5-year cycle while secondary education is a 7- year one with three sub-stages: 3 years of junior secondary, 2 years of secondary and 2 years of higher secondary. The private schools also receive strong financial support from the state. The tertiary education (3-5 years) is provided through universities (31 public and 51 private universities) and affiliated colleges under supervision of University Grants Commission. Establishment of private universities has gained momentum in recent years. At all levels, students can choose the medium of education from Bangla or English. The Ministry of Education is the supreme state office for education which again is subdivided in different directorates for each level while running numerous development projects (Education Projects and Technical projects). According to the article 17 of the Constitution, all the children of Bangladesh are supposed to receive full free education up to secondary level. Secondary and higher secondary schools are affiliated under  ten (10) education boards. The boards administer two public examinations – one is the Secondary School Certificate (SSC) Examination and the Higher Secondary Certificate (HSC) Examination. The higher secondary schools are known as colleges. There are also Madrasah (religiously inclined) and English medium schools which are enrolled under Madrasah Education Board and Foreign Education Board respectively. Besides this, a Technical Education Board has been established to administer the vocational training schools at post-secondary level in Education Board. The National Curriculum and Textbook Board is the authority to develop, approve and manage the curriculum and text books for primary, junior, secondary and higher secondary level. Government has also established Bangladesh Bureau of Educational Information and Statistics (BANBEIS) which keeps educational information at all levels. Bangladesh Government has published an Education Policy which is developed based on the inputs taken from different education commissions over the years. There are also many non-profit organizations which operate informal and semi-formal education for underprivileged children under supervision of Bureau of Non-formal Education. Linking Radio with Education Due to potential diversity, the CR technology can most effectively be used for non formal education for adult people, awareness programs, youth development programs, local community knowledge sharing, recycling of knowledge, ethnic community preservation programs and in areas, where density of population is sparse, where access to school is difficult like char (land within a river) and hilly areas of the country and also isolated places because of less access to road or other communication, and where access of qualified teachers are very few. Sweeney and Parlato (1982, p. 3) stated, â€Å"Radio plays an effective educational role both as the sole medium or in conjunction with print and group support†. So, Community Radio has a prospect for education expansion and community schools. Community Radio can also help, develop and mobilize social capital. This technology is cheaper too. For example, Interactive Radio Instruction (IRI) is a well-tested teaching and dissemination metho d that is inexpensive, accessible and flexible. In Africa, Community Radio has speeded up and expended the process of information exchange. The second goal of MDGs is to achieve universal primary education. Education is the backbone and foundation for a nation. This is one of the fundamental goals as Nobel Lauriat’s Amarta Sen argues, â€Å"Development is freedom and education is the royal road of freedom† (Daniel, 2006). As most developing countries underscore its educational potential and importance, many writers have proposed that educational radio can be most effective when supported by trained facilitators, group learning, group discussion, feedback and the use of multimedia approaches, thus interactive and independent learning help develop social software which is considered essential for quality education. The dynamic potential of radio in motivating listeners to take action, modifying behavior, and undertaking activities is evident in the literature thus far. ————————————————- Distance Learning Learning is the liberating force of human development and every individual has a right to education. To serve the aforesaid considerations, ODL helps create democratization in education for flexible learning system. In ODL, student centered teaching approach is used. Tutors and learners are hysically separated in the system, and distance education institutes usually use technology like state-owned Radio and Television for a particular time to disseminate contents of learning to the learners, which might not be effective and accessible to all distance learners due to inflexible time allocation. Since CR is covering a limited geographical area and focusing on the local needs, culture an d social events, educational and academic programs can be incorporated into the CR programs at any time of any location as it is more flexible than national broadcasting. In addition, distance education institutes have long experiences in using the technology of Radio and TV. They can apply their experience for CR on segment base as well as programs base. Most distance learning organizations generally have several outlets for tutorial or other instructional services in distant and remote areas. Having their own infrastructures, these distant teaching outlets could be turned into Community Radio Learning Centers (CRLC) for the open and distance learning institutes and these stations can be worked as local facilitators for the academic programs of both formal and non-formal education. Anyanwk (1978 p. 15-16) mentions, â€Å"Through collective listening, discussion, and the use of audio-visual aids, the radio can contribute substantially to the process of transformation of agricultural traditions, as well as some social and economic attitudes in general†. Radio has been used extensively as an educational medium in developing countries like India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, South Korea, Mali, Guatemala, Botswana, South Africa, Zambia, Uganda, Mexico, Philippines and also proved its impact and efficiency in health, agriculture and other development issues. ———————————————— Open University Radio-based educational opportunities are very much commensurate with the delivery system of ODL. After 15 years of the establishment of the Bangladesh Open University (BOU), it has accumulated huge resources in terms of technology and media oriented human resource and in frastructures to put forward a new look to the Community Radio applications. Bangladesh Open University needs to adopt the segment base strategies to provide education for all. The case of Bangladesh is similar as to Louw’s (Paris, France 2007) statement, â€Å". to ensure that communities who have been denied access to resources, take part in producing ethical, creative and responsible radio that encourages them to communicate with each other, to take part in decisions that affect their lives, and to celebrate their own cultures†. The reason for establishing Bangladesh Open University nearly echoes Louw’s statement as in the Mission statement, of the BOU Act 1992 envisages that â€Å"the objectives of the University shall be to expand all levels of education, knowledge and science by a diversity of means, including the use of any communication technology to improve the quality of education and to provide opportunities for education to the general public through mass-orientation of education and to create efficient manpower by improving the quality of education in general†. To accomplish these goals of BOU mission statement, it is no denying the fact that BOU needs immediate steps for adopting the Community Radio approach. In terms of preparation, BOU has Media Centre fully equipped with the transmission equipment, full-fledged radio recording studios, editing suites, portable radio recorders and modern radio broadcasting technology. However, BOU has already sought the permission from the Government for having its own frequency allocation. ———————————————— Adult Education About adult education Dhaka University VC Prof Arefin was highlighting on the role of mass media in the socio-economic and the educational development of a developing country. His message was that both the print and broadcast media can play a vital role in enhancing education in a developing country. It can shape and create public opinion towards on related issues by applying its strength and bring changes among individual. Bangladesh is now in a state of â€Å"Media Expansion†, we have lot of TV and radio channels and every day new channels are coming. Broadcasting media is the most common popular media in our country. In the cases of developing countries, like Bangladesh, implementation of education fully depends on appropriate use of broadcasting media technology. And the government as well as private organizations are using Radio and television for meeting these demands. A significant result has already been achieved in the field of mass education of Bangladesh by using broadcasting media. All the TV and Radio channels present various educational programs for the students. These programs become very popular in the country. Bangladesh is now in a state of media expansion. A large number of people here depend on newspapers and broadcast media for entertainment. But media also has an important educational role: Adult students from rural even from city areas can take lesson from watching certain television programs Like â€Å"BBC Janala How to cite Radio for Education in Bd, Papers

Strength of Complex Adaptive Project-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Analyse the strength and weaknesses associated with the complex adaptive project. Answer: Introduction: The project as a complex adaptive system means that the project is composed of interaction between various agents and terminology. The purpose of this paper is to review the effects of changes on the organizational delivery process and functionality. The literature review helps in understanding the project as an adaptive complex system. In this paper we are looking forward to highlights the strength and weaknesses in adapting or changing project terminology according to the business requirement. A project is an amalgamation of different units which works together to achieve the goal of the enterprise. The behaviour and processes of the project adapt in relation to the project demand and innovation in the new trends and technology (Schilling, Beese, Haki, Aeir, and Winter, 2014). The development of the project is treated as a complex adaptive system because various units work together following their own rules and principles to achieve the single target set for bringing efficiency in the working culture of enterprise. The complexity of the project gets increased with the management of interrelationship and integration between different units. Organizational context: The ABC Grocery food store is facing problems in handling processes at the food store due to the expansion of the business to various cities. The owner of the company is not able to synchronise the effective working of the food store. As a project manager, I am looking forward to bring transformation in the working culture of the enterprise according to the changing trends and technology to carry out business activities (Bentley and Stacey, 2010). The adaptive policies are the framework which support project to bring changes in the working platform. The complexity of the project gets increased with the adaption of new technology frequently. The profit of the organization can be increased with the use of effective technology to get quality product. The growth of the organization depend on it capacity to bring changes in its functional operation (Casella, Tongeren, and Nikolic, 2015). Literature Review: From the literature review, we are able to analyse that the operational functionality of the enterprise get affected by the evolution of new technology. The complexity of the project increases due to the inclusion of social, legal, cultural, political, and economic factors (Furneaux, Brown, and Gudmundsson, 2009). The flow of the communication is the major problem in the complex project. The complex adaptive system is comprised of some characteristics such as the development of the relationship among the events and its effects on the corresponding unit, perception of the project manager in detecting proactively occurrence of risks associated with the change, association of the roles and responsibilities to the related subordinates, changing demand of the customer, uniformity in the allocation of resources, quantification in the generation of new ideas and opinion, and others. The complexity and uncertainty of occurrence of risks are associated with project based organization. The com plexity of the project means that it is the amalgamation of professional expert in multi-discipline, increasing number of employees, installation of new hardware and software according to the requirement of the project, diversity in the flow of information, duration of time required to finish the job, and association of internal and external parties. The Project as a complex adaptive system is comprised of six properties which are classified as non-linear approach in managing interaction between different discipline, interdependency of various unit in completing their business operation, scaling of the processes involved, emerging changes in the functionality of the processes due to the inclusion of new and advanced technology, integration in the management of chaos and distraction which exist between participating unit, and cooperation and coordination among the business activities and processes (Pedro, Villagrasa, Quinteiro, and Navarro, 2017). The following table shows how the project as a complex adaptive system is beneficial for the organization growth. Characteristics Description Interaction between processes The complexity of the system depends on the interaction and interrelationship among the different coordinating units presented in the working culture of the organization. The dynamic behaviour of the components makes the operational environment of the enterprise feasible (Kautz, 2012) Emergence with the innovation The behaviour of the agents are affected with the prediction of changes required in the components according to the innovation. Integration between autonomous units The coordination and cooperation can be effectively managed between various units of the enterprise. The proactive perception of the risks helps in the smooth functioning of the operational plan of the process without any hindrance Self-organization activities The integration between internal and external units helps in the optimal synchronization of process environment in various disciplines of the business portal. The control management system can be effectively drawn on the collection of processes to self organized them according to the requirement plan. Co-evolution of the deployed processes The feasibility analysis of the laid down processes helps in analysing the requirement which has to be equipped in the system for increasing its functionality. The adaptation to the new system helps in attaining the specific goal of the enterprise which in turn increases the satisfaction level of the stakeholders. Time Management The activity schedule of the project should be equipped with the time line chart so that the particular activity should be completed within the period of prescribed time. The completion of activity within the time line helps in providing space to the innovative processes which can be involved in the working culture of the enterprise (Onix, Fielt, and Gable, 2017) From the above discussion, it has been noticed that the key concept of the complex adaptive system is to organize the activity according to the changes required in the implemented system. The integration and communication between various participating units in contrast to external and internal affairs results into correlation and coordination among them effectively which in turn provides quality work at the completion of the project cycle (Foster, Weiwiora, Chang, and Tywoniak, 2015). The capabilities of the team members can be increased with the interdependency of the project activities. There are some weaknesses associated with the project as complex adaptive system because the advancement in the change policy due to the innovation in trends and technologies can result into the increasing level of complexity among the processes involved in accomplishing the project goals. The chaos and conflicts can occurred in the employees due to inefficiency in retrieving desired result due to the change in processes. Sometimes, the employees are not able to adapt themselves according to the requirement of the project. The incapability of adapting themselves correspondent to the innovation raises the feeling of demotivation which can be observed in their work quality. The decreasing efficiency of the team members can directly affect the success of the project completion with desired quality outcome (Edson, 2015). The application of the complex adaptive system helps in providing strength to the working capability of the organization. The seven principles of the adaptive system help in improving the functionality of the project. It works on the principle of getting knowledge of the outcome according to the processes involved in completing the project goal, emphasis is given on the development of strategic plans, innovation in process design, testing of the efficiency of the changes done in the system, breaking down of the project processes into smaller module and phases, deployment of processes to fulfil the requirement, management of the communication process, and division of roles and responsibility according to the skills and expertise of the team members (Wallis, 2015). Recommendation The study of the literature review, helps in analysing the strength and weaknesses associated with the project as a complex adaptive system. It is recommended that the adoption of complex adaptive system prepares the project for bringing innovation in the processes undertaken for getting quality result. The diversification in the business processes can be effectively involved with the association of innovation in different discipline of the project. The self-organization of the processes helps in completing the project within desired time and quality. The innovation in the working platform of the organization helps in managing the project activities with efficiency which results into increasing profit with respect to the market competitors in the global market. The decision making capability of the project manager can be enhanced with the utilization of the new processing environment. The social relationship with the internal and external parties helps in providing better result of t he processes undertaken. The skills and expertise of the human resources can be improved by indulging innovative working platform which makes use of new technology and trends. The working process of the ABC Company can be enhanced by approaching the adoption of information system for managing the operation performed at different site location of the grocery food store. The inclusion of distributive system helps in getting knowledge of incidents and working program occurred at different site of the company. The managerial process can be effectively laid down for handling the business process to get effective result in the management of food items at the grocery store. The shared management system helps in resolving the issues of complexities which exist with the traditional working of the enterprise (Eduardo, Sato, Dergint, and Hatakeyama, 2015). The project as a complex adaptive system can be applied to every project because it helps in making the business tactics innovative according to the requirement of trends in global market. The adaptability of the project helps in improving the business process for getting quality work. The integration between diffe rent agents helps in completing the project within approved budget and prescribed time. Conclusion The analysis of the business processes helps in concluding that the project as a complex adaptive system is beneficial for improving the business activities and undertaken processes which in turn increases the profitability of the enterprise. The integration and communication between various participating units in contrast to external and internal affairs results into correlation and coordination among them effectively which in turn provides quality work at the completion of the project cycle. The development of the project is treated as a complex adaptive system because various units work together following their own rules and principles to achieve the single target set for bringing efficiency in the working culture of enterprise. References: Bentley, D., and Stacey, R. (2010). The potential for applying complex adaptive theory to the process of estimating in the construction industry. 1st ed. [ebook]. Available at: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/92d1/a10a0785eae00a9cb644fa2f222e0f25a1cf.pdf [Accessed 06 Apr. 2018]. Casella, D., Tongeren, S., and Nikolic, I. (2015). Change in complex adaptive system. 1st ed. [ebook]. Available at: https://www.ircwash.org/sites/default/files/084-201605wp_literaturereview05_11.pdf [Accessed 06 Apr. 2018]. Edson, M. (2015). A Complex adaptive system view of resilience in a project team. 1st ed. [ebook]. Available at: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/sres.2153 [Accessed 06 Apr. 2018]. Eduardo, C., Sato, Y., Dergint, D., and Hatakeyama. (2015). A Project based organization as a complex adaptive system. 1st ed. [ebook]. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/251874050_Project-Based_Organizations_as_Complex_Adaptive_Systems [Accessed 06 Apr. 2018]. Foster, L., Weiwiora, A., Chang, A., and Tywoniak, S. (2015). How does complex adaptive system theory inform innovation in complex project based organization. 1st ed. [ebook]. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/290567005_How_does_Complex_Adaptive_System_theory_inform_Innovation_in_Complex_Project_Based_Organisations [Accessed 06 Apr. 2018]. Furneaux, C., Brown, K, and Gudmundsson. (2009). Managing infrastructure transitions: A complex adaptive system perspective. 1st ed. [ebook]. Available at: https://eprints.qut.edu.au/27041/1/27041(2).pdf [Accessed 06 Apr. 2018]. Kautz, K. (2012). Information system development project as Complex adaptive system. Australian Conference on International Journal, 3(5). 1st ed. [ebook]. Available at: https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.848.1646rep=rep1type=pdf [Accessed 06 Apr. 2018]. Onix, M., Fielt, E., and Gable, G. (2017). Towards a complex adaptive system a roadmap for information system research. 1st ed. [ebook]. Available at: https://eprints.qut.edu.au/111590/1/pacis%20-%202017%20-%20Towards%20a%20Complex%20Adaptive%20Systems%20Roadmap%20for%20Information%20Systems%20Research.pdf [Accessed 06 Apr. 2018]. Pedro, J., Villagrasa, R., Quinteiro, M., and Navarro, J. (2017). Teams as complex adaptive system. 1st ed. [ebook]. Available at: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1046496417713849 [Accessed 06 Apr. 2018]. Schilling, R., Beese, J., Haki, K., Aeir, S., and Winter, R. (2014). Revisiting the impact of information system architecture complexity: A complex adaptive system perspective. 1st ed. [ebook]. Available at: https://www.alexandria.unisg.ch/252518/1/RevisitingTheImpactOfInformationSystemsArchitectureComplexity.pdf [Accessed 06 Apr. 2018]. Wallis, S. (2015). A study of complex adaptive system as Defined. 1st ed. [ebook]. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283290832_A_STUDY_OF_COMPLEX_ADAPTIVE_SYSTEMS_THEORY_AS_DEFINED_BY [Accessed 06 Apr. 2018].